India and China have agreed to hold the next meeting of the Expert-Level Mechanism on Trans-border Rivers in September. The decision came after the 25th round of talks between the special representatives of India and China on the boundary question.

The upcoming meeting is expected to discuss the sharing of hydrological data between India and China. Hydrological data sharing between the two countries had stopped, and the relevant MoUs are expected to be renewed.

This data is particularly important for Arunachal Pradesh, which lies downstream of Tibet. The Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet is already witnessing hydropower development, with similar projects planned along the Siang, its downstream continuation in Arunachal

Formal hydrological information-sharing for the Siang began in 2002, with China providing data during the flood season. However, China has not shared such data with India since 2022. With the upcoming meeting and the resumption of bilateral talks, there are positive signs that a mechanism for sharing this crucial information could be worked out.

Going forward, the mechanism should ideally facilitate the regular exchange of not only hydrological data but also other relevant information concerning developments along trans-border rivers. A core, science-based approach is essential alongside a political solution to ensure that concerns surrounding trans-border rivers are addressed in a transparent, predictable, and sustainable manner.